a. Belajar
Menurut Slavin dalam Catharina Tri Anni (2004), belajar merupakan proses perolehan kemampuan yang berasal dari pengalaman. Menurut Gagne dalam Catharina Tri Anni (2004), belajar merupakan sebuah sistem yang didalamnya terdapat berbagai unsur yang saling terkait sehingga menghasilkan perubahan perilaku.
Sedangkan menurut Bell-Gredler dalam Udin S. Winataputra (2008) pengertian belajar adalah proses yang dilakukan oleh manusia untuk mendapatkan aneka ragam competencies, skills, and attitude. Kemampuan (competencies), keterampilan (skills), dan sikap (attitude) tersebut diperoleh secara bertahap dan berkelanjutan mulai dari masa bayi sampai masa tua melalui rangkaian proses belajar sepanjang hayat.
Ciri-ciri belajar adalah : (1) Belajar harus memungkinkan terjadinya perubahan perilaku pada diri individu. Perubahan tersebut tidak hanya pada aspek pengethauan atau kognitif saja tetapi juga meliputi aspek sikap dan nilai (afektif) serta keterampilan (psikomotor); (2) perubahan itu merupakan buah dari pengalaman. Perubahan perilaku yang terjadi pada individu karena adanya interaksi antara dirinya dengan lingkungan . interaksi ini dapat berupa interaksi fisik dan psikis; (3) perubahan perilaku akibat belajar akan bersifat cukup permanen.
b. Pembelajaran
Menurut Gagne, Briggs, dan wagner dalam Udin S. Winataputra (2008) pengertian pembelajaran adalah serangkaian kegiatan yang dirancang untuk memungkinkan terjadinya proses belajar pada siswa.
Menurut UU Nomor 20 tahun 2003 tentang Sisdiknas, pembelajaran adalah proses interaksi peserta didik dengan pendidik dan sumber belajar pada suatu lingkingan belajar.
Ciri utama dari pembelajaran adalah inisiasi, fasilitasi, dan peningkatan proses belajar siswa. Sedangkan komponen-komponen dalam pembelajaran adalah tujuan, materi, kegiatan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran.
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oya sama”
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sama”…. wah daftar pustaknya harganya muahal xixixix 😉
Thanks yaa .,
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sama: 😉
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